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A 

Brief  History 

Of 

The  American  Consulate  General 

At 

Guayaquil,  ELcuador 


By 
FREDERIC  WEBSTERj  CODING 


GUAYAQUIL 
1920 


rrtnted  for  tlie  Author  lij-  Thk  Advertisf.k  Press 
Livermoro  Falls,  Maine.  V.  S.  A. 


.•••••  • 


WHAT  PEOPLE  THINK  ABOUT  A  CONSUL 
By     ? 

Most  people  imagine  it  is  a  fine  thing 

A  consul  to  be,  representing  a  king, 

Or  a  queen,  or  a  prince,  or  an  *  *  emperador, " 

Or  a  cannibal  chief,  if  he  cannot  be  more. 

That  consuls,  sans  doute,  have  at  their  command 

Cnlimted  cash,  which  is  always  at  hand 

To  give  unto  all  who  seek  his  protection. 

Or  with  his  country  have  a  claim  of  connection. 

They  expect  him  to  be  a  judge  and  a  priest, 

A  doctor,  a  lawyer — know  something  at  leapt 

Of  every  language  that's  spoken  on  earth ; 

Speak  Chinese  and  Welsh,  or  he's  thought  nothing  worth ; 

Of  biscuits  and  medicine  chests,  curing  of  pork, 

Child-birth  and  marrying,  and  grave  diggers  work; 

Preaching  and  praying,  and  lime  juice  and  scurvy. 

Of  merchants  affairs  long  turned  topsy-turvy. 

That  they  know  better  the  laws  of  his  nation, 

Can  teach  him  the  duties  pertains  to  his  station. 

He  has  no  right  out  of  his  oflfice,  or  in  it. 

On  board  or  on  shore,  or  relax  for  a  minute 

To  eat  or  to  drink,  be  awake  or  asleep, 

To  buy  what  he  needs,  or  bis  money  to  keep : 

To  be  jollv  or  sad,  to  laugh  or  to  cry. 

To  be  healthy  cr  sick,  to  live  or  to  die. 

He  must  study  all  sciences,  be  a  'savant. 

Can  never  do  right,  but  always  is  wrong. 

If  a  drunk  sailor  comes  dirty  and  stinking 

Into  the  consulate,  half  mad  from  drinking, 

The  long  suffering  Consul  should  remove  him  with  care, 

And  never  attempt  to  throw  him  downstair. 

In  fact  he  must  know  or  do  everything,  or 

The  general  cry  is  "What  is  he  for?" 

He  must  not  be  young,  old,  single  or  married; 

And  I  really  believe  that  when  he  is  buried. 

They  will  continue  still  to  vent  out  their  spleen — 

Deny  him  Heaven,   Hades,  or  Fiddler's  Green. 


M17509 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2007  with  funding  from 

IVIicrosoft  Corporation 


http://www.archive.org/details/briefhistoryofamOOgodirich 


A   BRIEF   HISTORY  OF  THE    AMERICAN  CONSULATE 
GENERAL  AT  GUAYAQUIL,  ECUADOR. 


On  the  31st  day  of  May,  1825,  a  Treaty  of  Peace,  Friendship, 
Navigation  and  Commerce  was  proclaimed  between  the  United  States 
and  Colombia,  of  which  Ecuador  Uien  formed  a  part,  containing 
the  following: 

Article  XXVI.  To  make  more  effectual  the  protection 
which  the  United  States  and  the  Republic  of  Colombia  shall 
afford  in  future  to  the  navigation  and  commerce  of  the  citi- 
zens of  each  other,  they  agree  to  receive  and  admit  Consuls 
and  Vice  Consuls  in  all  the  ports  open  to  foreign  commerce, 
who  shall  enjoy  in  them  all  the  rights,  prerogatives,  and 
immunities  of  the  Consuls  and  Vice  Consuls  of  the  most  fa- 
vored nation;  each  contracting  party  remaining  at  liberty  to 
except  tho.'se  porta  and  places  in  which  the  admission  and 
residence  of  such  Consuls  may  not  seem  convenient. 

In  accordance  with  the  above  mentioned  provision,  the  President 
of  the  United  States  on  June  9,  1824,  appointed  in  recess, 

WILLIAM  WHEELWRIGHT 
as  the  first  American  consular  representative  to  be  stationed  in  Ecua> 
dor,  with  his  office  at  Guayaquil  which  was  confirmed  April  8,  1825. 
He  was  recognized  by  the  Intendente  of  the  Department  of  Guayaquil, 
General  Juan  Paz  Castillo,  July  5,  1825,  in  the  subjoined  communi- 
cation (translation): 

I  have  had  the  honor  to  receive  your  note  on  the  2nd  instant, 
over  whose  contents  I  have  meditated  carefully  before  giv- 
ing you  the  following  answer:  Until  the  Government  of  this 
Republic  orders  that  you  be  placed  in  possession  of  the 
position  which  the  Government  of  the  United  States  has 
given  to  you,  there  is  wanting  an  indispensible  formality  for 
the  discharge  of  the  duties  of  your  office  in  the  fullness  of 
its  dignity.  But  THAT  WILL  NOT  HINDER  THIS  INTEN- 
DhlNCIA  FROM  RECOGNIZING  YOU  AS  A  PUBLIC 
AGENT  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES  for  all  classes  of  busi- 
neas  that  should  occur  with  that  Nation.  It  is  very  pleasing 
that  the  wise  election  of  a  Consul  in  Guayaquil  by  the  Gov- 
ernment of  the  United  States  has  fallen  on  a  person  who, 
like  you,  is  well  known  and  highly  esteemed  by  its  inhabi- 
tants. 


3 


Mr.  Wheelwright  was  born  in  Newburyport,  Mass  ,  in  1798. 
While  master  of  the  American  ship  "Rising  Star",  he  was  wrecked 
on  the  coast  of  Argentina,  from  whence  he  and  his  crew  after  suffer- 
ing many  hardships  eventually  reached  the  west  coast  After  his  ap- 
pointment as  Consul,  with  General  Joseph  Villamil  and  a  Mr.  Foley, 
he  erected  the  first  steam  sawmill  in  Ecuador;  and  was  granted  the 
exclusive  privilege  for  "Steam  Navigation"  by  the  Ecuadorian  Congress 
issued  April  14,  1837  In  the  year  1840  he  organized  the  Pacific 
Steam  Navigation  Company  in  England,  with  a  capital  of  $1,000,000, 
whose  vessels  were  the  first  steamsnips  to  uavjgate  the  Pacific  Ocean. 
Later,  he  constructed  the  first  steam  railroad  in  South  America,  from 
Caldera  to  Copiapo,  in  Chile.  After  amassing  a  fortune  in  various 
engineering  projects,  he  died  in  London  in  1873,  and  was  buried  in 
his  native  town.  Mr.   Wheewright  reported  to    the    State    Depart- 

ment March  16,  1828,  that  he  was  preparing    to  leave  his    post.      On 
November    21    following  he  appointed 

ROBERT  SCOT 
vice  consul;  on  December  5,  1831,  he  was  named  acting  consul  by  the 
U.  S.  Naval  Commander  for  the  Pacific  and  remained  m  charge  until 
late  in  the  year  1832.  A  copy  of  a  letter  written  by  him  to  General 
John  Illingworth,  Intendente  of  Guayaquil,  is  on  file  in  this  office,  a 
translation  of  which  reads  as  follows: 

Sir:  As  the  Minister  of  the  United  States  at  Bogota  has 
addressed  the  Government  of  Colombia,  regarding  the  sub- 
ject of  ships'  registers,  1  have  no  desire  to  trouble  the  au- 
thorities of  the  place  with  representat  ons  relative  to  the 
same  subject.  But,  as  representative  of  a  Nation  which 
should  enjoy  equal  privileges,  such  as  the  case  of  the  British 
sailing  vessel  "Royal  Sovereign,"  I  respectfully  request  of 
your  Excellency  permission  to  receive  the  register  of  the  • 
Brigantine  "Rover,"  of  Salem,  United  States,  which  en- 
tered the  port  this  morning,  as  the  captain,  Mr.  Jeremiah 
Briggs,  was  obliged  to  deliver  it  to  the  boarding  officer 
My  Minister  at  Bogota  informs  me  the  object  of  this  meas- 
ure is  to  permit  the  collectors  of  customs  to  Know,  with 
truth,  the  exact  lonnage  of  the  vessels  which  anchor  in  this 
port.  Deferring  to  the  points  in  view  you  may  have  on 
the  subject,  permit  me  to  note  that  a  certificate  from  this 
Consulate  would,  in  my  opinion,  be  sufficient  for  the  object 
desired,  and  at  the  same  time  permit  the  Consul  to  fulfill 
the  duties  his     Government    demands    of    him.  Without 

further  occupying  your  attention  with     my    observations,     I 


respectfully  beg  of  you,  that  you  order  the  registers  of 
United  States  vessels  to  be  retained  by  the  respective  cap- 
tains, so  they  may  in  turn  deposit  them  with  the  Consul, 
thereby  complying  with  the  laws  of  the  United  States  on  the 
subject. 

No  records  are  available  which  show  the  date  Mr.  Scot  ceased  to 
act  as  Consul  in  Guayaquil ;  but  it  is  certain  that  there  was  no  Ameri- 
can consular  officer  at  the  post  for  a  short  time  as  a  complaint  of  an 
American  citizen,  Alexander  Ruden,  was  presented  to  the  authorities 
at  Guayaquil  by  Mr.  Walter  Cope,  Consul  for  Great  Britain  in  this 
port,  "there  not  being  a  Consul  or  Vice  Consul  of  the  United  States 
of  America  here,"   according  to  a  document  dated  1833,  on  file. 

JOSEPH  VILLAMIL 
General  Joseph  Villamil,  a  native  of  New  Orleans,  La.,     and    an 
important  factor  in  the  Ecuadorian    war    for    independence,    was    ap- 
pointed and  confirmed  March  8,  1833,  but  was  soon  succeeded  by 

SETH  SWEETZER. 
This  gentleman  is  first  mentioned  in  connection  with  this  office  in 
a  communication  written  by  him  to  the  Department  of  State  dated 
December  5,  1833,  stating  that  he  was  acting  Consul ;  his  appoint- 
ment followed,  dated  May  5,  1834,  and  the  issuance  of  his  exequatur 
reported  February  24,  following,  the  date  he  assumed  the  duties  of 
his  post. 

The  earliest  record  preserved  in  this  consulate  is  a  letter  dated 
May  21,  1835,  addressed  to  "Seth  Sweetzer,   U.  S.  Consul." 

A  letter  which  caused  considerable  official  comment  was,  on 
June  28,  1839,  addressed  by  him  to  the  Governor  of  Guayaquil,  in 
the  following  words: 

**1  have  the  honor  of  informing  you  that,  having  to  absent 
myself  from  here  on  private  matters,  I  have  named  Mr. 
Charles  Luken  as  Vice  Consul  at  this  port." 

Mr.  Sweetzer  having  arranged  to  visit  the  United  States,  he 
again  appointed  Mr.  Luken  as  Vice  Consul,  to  act  during  his  absence 
notifying  the  Governor  of  Guayas  May  31,  1842,  the  appointment 
being  recognized  conditionally  by  the  President    of 

But  three  small  volumes  of  the  early  records  were  saved  from 
the  fire  of  1896  Ecuador,  September  13th. 


To  prevent  similar  unauthorized  appointments  of  persons  to  act 
as  consular  officers,  in  1842  President  Florea  issued  a  decree,  and  with 
it  an  official  communication  on  such  nominations,  which  read  as  fol- 
lows : 

The  frequent  occurance  of  naming  substitute  consuls  and  vice 
consuls  without  the  customary  presentation  of  despatches 
or  commissions  from  the  Supreme  authorities  of  the  Nation; 
and  it  being  convenient,  from  the  importance  of  the  consular 
character  that  no  person  has  the  right  to  invest  it  without 
the  formalities  prescribed  for  the  rights  of  the  people,  it  is 
decreed : 

Article  1.      No  person  shall  be  recognized    in    the  character 
of    Consul    Genera!,    Consul    or    Vice  Consul,    but    in    con- 
sequence of  the  exhibiton  of  a  commission  in    proper    form, 
sent  by  the  Supreme  Chief  of  the  Nation  to    which    he    per- 
tains. 

Article  2.  Notwithstanding,  individuals  named  by  a  diplo- 
matic representative,  consul  general,  or  by  a  private  party 
who,  by  the  private  laws  of  regulation  of  his  Nation,  or  by 
h)s  credentials  or  commission,  has  been  authorized  to  make 
similar  nominations,  shall  be  recognized  in  the  character  of 
vice  consul  or  commercial  agent. 

Mr.  Sweetzer  was  a  partner  in  the  house  of  Jcaza,  Sweetzer  & 
Co.,  of  this  city,  commission  merchants,  exporters,  and  agents  for 
American  manufacturers  and  merchant  shipping  lines.  He  continued 
in  office  until  his  death  which  occurred  September  13,  1848.  His 
wife  and  several  children  survived  him  for  many  years,  residing  at 
Guayaquil,  the  last  of  the  family,  a  son,  dying  here  thirteen  or  four- 
teen years  ago. 

GEORGE  W.  BAKER 

Mr.  Baker  was  appointed  **  Acting  Consul"  September  21,  1848,  by 

Minister  Livingston,  assuming  the  duties  immediately  afterward.     He 

was  an  American,  employed  as      chief  clerk  in  the  local  business  firm 

of  Mickle  &  Co.,  and  occupied  the  position  of  consul  for    six   months. 

MATTHEW  PALMER  GAME. 

In  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  Penn.,  Captain    Game   was    born    in 

1805,    an    from  an  early  age  he  followed  the  sea.      In  1820  he,  with 

Commodore  John  Daniel,  entered  the  service  of  Venezuela  to  fight  for 

its  independence,  continuing  until  late  in    1829    when    he    arrived  in 

6 


Gufiyaquil  as  lieutenant  and  second  in  confimand  of  the  Colombian  fri- 
gate of  war  COLOMBIA,  February  8,  1830,  resigning  two  years 
after,  having  been  in  several  political  disturbances  connected  with 
the  foreign  affairs  of  Colombia.  He  entered  the  employ  of  the  com- 
mercial firm  of  Luzarraga  &  Co  ,  as  master  of  the  ship  "Adela, "  for 
whom  he  made  several  voyages  to  Europe,  soon  becoming  its  responsi- 
ble head.  Later,  he  organized  the  importing  house  of  Cox  &  Game, 
which  continued  active  for  many  years.  During  that  period  he  signed 
documents  as  "In  charge  of  the  Consulate,"  one  being  dated  Decem- 
ber 12,  1845,  but  was  not  appointed  until  January  5,  1849,  the  date 
of  his  exequatur  being  March  27,  1849.  He  assumt^d  charge  on  the 
17th  of  August  following,  his  incumbency  continuing  until  his  resig- 
nation December  31,  1857.  While  in  charge,  the  Protestant  Cem- 
etery of  GuBysquil  was  established,  the  Governor  of  the  Province, 
instructed  by  President  Robles,  assisting  Consul  Game  to  select  the 
site  on  December  9,   1856. 

During  Mr.  Game's  term  of  office,  Mr.  John  F.  Garbe  was  «cting 
as  vice  consul  in  1851,  and  on  April  10,  American  Charge  de  Affaires 
Cortland  Gushing  signed  documents  in  that  capacity;  but  Mr.  Horace 
H.  Cox  was  recognized  later  in  1851,  and  again  in  1852  by  the  Am- 
erican Government  during  the  Consul's  absence  in  Europe  and  the  Unit- 
ed States.  With  the  approval  of  the  Department  of  State  Mr.  Thomas 
B.  Adams  was  appointed  vice  consul  October  31,  1856,  his  resigna- 
tion accompanying  that  of  Mr.  Game. 

In  1842,  Captain  Game  married  Senorita  Francisca  Jimenez,  a 
member  of  one  of  the  leading  families  of  Ecuador.  He  was  an  emin- 
ently successful  business  man  who  accumulated  a  considerable  fortune, 
owning  a  large  estate  on  the  Island  of  Puna  called  "Puna  Espanola," 
valued  at  $175,000.  He  died  February  20,  1888,  at  an  advanced 
age,  and  was  buried  on  his  Puna  Island  estate,  having  enjoyed  in  foil 
the  confidence,  affection  and  esteem  of  the  Ecuadorian  Government  and 
its  people.  Of  him.  La  Nacion  of  Guayaquil  paid  the  following  trib- 
ute: "As  a  mariner  and  soldier  of  the  great  war,  he  was  loyal,  punctil- 
lious  and  valient;  as  a  merchant,  active  and  honorable  in  every  sense: 
as  a  father  of  a  family,  loving  and  solicitOHS  with  his  children;  as  a 
friend,  noble  and  sincere  :  as  a  man,  highly  humanitarian  and  philan- 
thropic. ' ' 

His  descendents  have  occupied  prominent  positions  in  the  politi- 
cal and  financial   affairs  of  Ecuador. 


THOMAS  V.  CLARK 
was  appointed    Vice  Consul  at   Guayaquil,     by    the    American    Minis- 
ter,  December  23,     1857,  and  was  recognized  by  the    Ecuadorian    au- 
thorities as  from  January  1,  1858,  when  he  assumed  the  duties. 

J.   H.  D.  SIGUR 
of  Louisiana,  was  appointed  in  recess,  on  September  3,     1858,     which 
was  cancelled  later.      He  did  not  assume  charge  of  the  post. 

JOSE  N.   CASANOVA. 
Mr.  Casanova    was    appointed    and    confirmed    as    American    Consul, 
March  1,  1859,  as  from  New  York.      He  was     born    in    France,     and 
established  a  prominent  family  in  Guayaquil;  apparently  he  continued 
in  the  position  of  American  Consul  until  1861. 

AMASA  MASON 
of  New  York,  received  a  recess  appointment  as  consul    on    September 
20,  1861,  but  was  transferred  to  another  post. 

FRANCIS  McCATTA, 
the  British  Vice  Consul,     was    appointed    by    Minister    Haseaurek    as 
"Acting  Consul,  "  and  discharged  the     duties    from    January    20,     to 
October  13,  1861 

JAMES  WILSON 
a  native  of  Indiana,  declined  the  recess  appointment  as     consul    made 
October  23,  1861. 

LOUIS  VICTOR  PREVOST 
On  September  16,  1861,  Minister  Hassaurek  named  as  "Provis- 
ional consul"  Mr  Prevost,  a  recent  arrival  in  Guayaquil  from  Mary- 
land, who  assumed  the  duties  a  month  later.  The  President  appoint- 
ed him  Consul  on  May  8,  1863,  the  Senate  confirming  March  18,  1864. 
Mr.  Prevost  organized  an  American  company  here  in  1861,  and  es- 
tablished the  city  gas  works  of  which  he  was  the  manager  for  several 
years.  He  died  of  yellow  fever  in  Guayaquil,  May  23,  1867,  and 
was  buried  here,  his  widow  and  children  returning  to   Baltimore. 

The  office  records  prove  him  to  have  been  an  efficient  officer  who 
gave  close  attention  to  his  duties,  while  his  former  friends  and  as- 
sociates bear  witness  to  his  many  excellent  personal  qualities. 

During  his  term  of  office,  March  26,  1862,  the  President  ap- 
pointed, and  the  Senate  conferred, 

8 


JAMES  L.  DeGRAW 
of  New  Jersey,  consul  at  Guayaquil,  who  arrived  here  May  27,    1862, 
His  resignation  was  forwarded  to  the  Department  on  the  23rd    of    the 
following  month,  without  his  having  assumed  charge,  and  he  departed 
for  the  united  States  the  next  day. 

JAMES  A.  KENNEDY 
from  Vermont,  was  recalled  after  having    been    appointed    December 
23,  1862,  and  confirmed. 

CHARLES  M.  PROCTOR 
This  appointment  was  made  March  13,  1863,  and  confirmed  by  the 
Senate,  being  credited  to  Maine.      Mr.     Proctor    resigned    soon  after- 
ward. 

ELISHA  LEE 

The  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  Mr.  Prevost  was  filled  by 
Minister  Coggeshall  naming  Mr.  Lee  "Consul  ad  Interim,"  June  1, 
1867,  who  entered  upon  his  duties  ten  days  later.  His  regular  ap- 
pointment by  the  Department  as  Vice  Consul  was  dated  July  17,  and 
by  the  President  as  Consul,  July  20,  of  the  same  year.  He  was  born 
at  Salisbury,  Conn  ,  and  had  been  for  ten  years  a  resident  of  Guaya- 
quil, prior  to  the  date  of  his  appointment.  Just  before  his  departure 
for  the  United  States  on  leave  of  absence  from  which  he  did  not  return, 
he  placed  in  charge  of  the  office 

GEORGE  P.  BKAGDON 
as  Vice  Consul,  who  entered  upon  his  duties  April  10,  1868,  on  the 
day  Mr.  Lee  sailed.  The  Department  sanctioned  the  nomination  on 
the  27th  of  the  following  June.  Captain  Bragdon  was  a  native  of 
Canton,  N.  Y.  and  had  resided  in  Guayaquil  for  seven  years.  He  re- 
mained in  charge  until  the  arrival  of 

CHARLES  WEILE 
of  Nevada,  who  had  been  appointed  by  the  President  as  Consul  on 
April  16,  1869,  assuming  his  duties  on  the  8th  of  the  following 
month.  He  was  American  Consul  at  Tumbes,  Peru,  in  1867,  and 
may  have  come  lo  this  post  from  there.  Vice  Consul  Bragdon  was 
again  in  charge  durinqj  the  absence  of  the  Consul  in  the  United  States 
from  June  25,  to  November  4,  1870,  as  also  was  Mr.  William  Hig- 
gins.  Consul  for  Chile,  during  a  visit  to  Quito  in  December  1872. 
Dr.  Alcides  Destruge,  Con.«iul-Genfral  for   Venezuela,     was    appointed 

9 


Vice  Consul,  September  9,  1873,  and  was  in  charge  during  Consul 
Weile's  second  visit  to  the  United  States  from  April  1,  1874,  to 
April  1,  1875;  he  resigned  and  returned  to  the  United  States  early  in 
1876,  apparently  leaving  Dr.  Destruge  in  charge,  but  the  records  are 
silent  on  the  point. 

RICHARD  McAllister,  jr. 

received  his  appointment  July  3,  1876,  but  seems  not  to  have  assumed 
his  duties  as  consul.  He  was  from  Mississippi. 
PHANOR  MARTIN  EDER 
Born  in  the  Baltic  Provinces  of  Russia  about  the  year  1830,  in  child- 
hood going  to  the  United  States,  Mr.  Eder  after  attaining  his  major- 
ity became  naturalized  in  the  City  of  New  York.  He  engaged  in  mer- 
cantile pursuits  for  a  number  of  years,  as  well  as  in  banking,  and  be- 
came Mayor  of  Elko,  Nevada.  About  the  year  1872,  he  established 
himself  in  the  import,  export  and  banking  business  at  Guayaquil, 
where  he  resided  for  many  years.  Mr.  Eder  was  appointed  Consul 
at  Guayaquil  on  August  15,  1876,  and  was  officially  in  charge  from 
March  1,  1877,  but  actually  performed  the  duties  pertaining  to  the 
position  from  a  few  days  after  the  date  of  his  appointment.  Dr. 
Destruge  was  again  confirmed  as  Vice  Consul  January  4,  1877.  Au- 
gust 25,  1879,  Consul  Eder  delivered  the  archives  to  his  successor. 
Mr.  Eder  was  again  appointed  Consul  at  Guayaquil  during  recess  on 
November  6,  1880,  which  was  confirmed  by  the  Senate  May  16,  1881; 
and,  although  he  accepted  the  honor,  resigned  October  21,  without 
having    taken    charge  of  the  office. 

In  the  early  eighties  Mr.  Eder  removed  to  London,  later  retiring 
from  active  business  to  Brussels  where  he  was  ad  honorarem  Consul 
for  Ecuador  and  Panama.  He  died  there  in  1911,  leaving  a  childless 
widow. 

ALEXANDER  McLEAN 

Mr.  McLean  was  born  in  Belleville,  N.  J.,  in  1844,  He  was 
employed  at  an  early  age  on  the  illustrated  New  York  papers.  He 
served  in  the  Civil  War  in  an  Indiana  regiment,  and  later  as  first  lieu- 
tenant of  the  signal  corps  under  Gen.  Grant.  After  a  varied  experi- 
ence in  photographic  and  other  business  in  the  West  Indies  where  he 
recovered  from  an  attack  of  yellow  fever,  he  became  identified  with 
regular  newspaper  work  in  New  York  and  Jersey  City.  He  was 
appointed    Consul    at    Guayaquil    by  President  Hayes,  May  29,  1879, 

10 


confirmed  June  3,  1879,  assuming  charge  of  the  office  August  25th. 
The  annual  report  prepared  by  Consul  McLean  is  one  of  the  most 
elaborate  and  exhaustive  ever  compiled  on  Ecuador.  The  continued 
ill  health  of  his  family  caused  his  resignation,  which  became  effective 
July  12,  1880;  but,  through  the  commercial  house  of  Antipara  & 
McLean,  he  continued  his  interest  in  Ecuador  for  many  years. 

Returning  to  his  native  State,  he  again  entered  upon  a  journal- 
istic career,  where  his  influence  for  the  public  weal  extended  beyond 
the  borders  of  New  Jersey.  He  filled  many  positions  of  public  truet, 
at  one  time  being  sheriff  of  his  home  county,  and  was  recognized  as 
among  the  ablest  of  New  Jersey's  sons. 

Mr.  McLean  dii?d  in  Jersey  City  January  6,  1916,  where  he  is 
buried. 

ALCIDES  DESTRUGE 
Dr.  Destruge,  a  native  of  Venezuela,  and  at  the  time  Consul  Gen- 
eral for  that  Republic,  assumed  charge  of  the  post  as  Vice  Consul, 
continuing  until  the  arrival  of  a  regular  appointee.  During  this 
period  the  salary  was  increased  to  $1200  per  year.  He  was  an 
alumnus  of  the  Medical  Department  of  the  University  of  New  York, 
and  enjoyed  a  lucrative  practice  in  Guayaquil.  One  of  his  sons  is  Di- 
rector-General of  the  Ecuadorian  Telegraph  Service,  and  author  of 
"Correlacion  de  las  Fuerzas  Naturalea"  ;  another  is  the  distinguished 
Director  of  the  Guayaquil  Municipal  Museum  and  Library,  and  author 
of  many  historical  works  of  great  value ;  his  patient  search  among 
the  official  records  made  possible  the  insertion  in  this  sketch  of  much 
interesting  information  relating  to  the  early  history  of  the  office. 

HENRY  C.  MILLER 
Mr.  Miller  was  appointed  from  Peter,  Minn.,  May  17,  1882,  ar- 
riving here  July  31,  and  entered  upon  his  duties  August  7  of  that 
year.  He  returned  to  the  United  States  on  the  11th  of  the  following 
December,  leaving  Vice  Consul  Destruge  in  charge  who  continued  to 
act  until  August  25,  1883,  when  the  archives  were  delivered  to 

MARTIN  REINBERG 

who  had  been  appoint* d  Vice  Consul  April  9,  1883  That  gentleman 
at  first  declined  the  honor,  insisting  on  the  retention  of  his  prede- 
cessor, but  eventually  accepted  it. 

He  was  born  in  the  Baltic  Provinces  of  Russia  in  the  year  1852, 

11 


was  educated  in  Germany  and  later  was  naturalized  as  an  American 
citizen  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  where  his  parents  had  established  their 
home.  He  arrived  in  Guayaquil  in  the  year  1867,  as  a  member  of 
the  commercial  firm  of  which  his  uncle.  Consul  Eder,  was  the  head, 
afterward  being  selected  as  manager  of  the  Commercial  &  Agricul- 
utural  Bank  of  this  city.  Later,  he  became  local  manager  of  the 
Andean  Trading  Company  of  New  York,  a  position  he  has  filled  to 
the  present  time.  He  is  local  agent  for  the  Blue  Diamond  Steamship 
Line  of  New  York,  and  of  the  United  Fruit  Line. 

HORATIO  N.  BEACH 
Mr.  Beach,  a  native  of  Brockport,  N.  Y. ,  (July  5,  1884)  assumed 
charge  of  the  consulate  August  16,  1883,  having  been  consul  at 
Puerto  Cabello,  Venezuela.  He  left  on  a  leave  of  absence  to  the 
United  States  July  8,  1884,  and  while  there  was  .successful  on  No- 
vember 25,  in  having  this  office  raised  to  the  rank  of  Consulate-Gen- 
era), with  the  salary  increased  to  $3000.  per  year  The  State 
Department  records  give  his  appointment  as  Consul-General  as  from 
July  5,  1884  Vice  Consul-General  Reinberg  was  in  charge  of  the 
office,  as  also  for  some  time  after  the  final  departure  of  Mr.  Beach 
from  Ecuador,  October  30,  1885. 

OWEN  McGARR 
This  gentleman,  appointed  Consul-General  October  3,  1885, 
arrived  in  Guayaquil  November  19,  assuming  the  duties  of  the  office 
on  the  30th,  although  his  Senate  confirmation  was  not  until  August 
3,  1886  During  his  absence  in  the  United  States  the  following  year. 
Vice  Consul-General  Reinberg  was  in  charge.  Mr.  McGarr  vacated 
the  post  August  31,  1889,  afterward  being  Secretary  of  Legation  in 
Chile,  1893,  and  Consul  at  Cienfuegos,  Cuba,  in   1895. 

WILLIAM  SORSBY 
Mr.  Sorsby  was  born  at  Panola,  Miss.,  in  1858,  during  the  early 
period  of  his  life  being  associated  with  his  father  in  commercial 
affairs;  later,  he  entered  journalism,  editing  several  country  news- 
papers and,  in  1884,  was  part  owner  of  the  Mobile  (Ala.)  MORNING 
TELEGRAM. 

On  June  26,  1889,  he  was  appointed  Consul-General  at  Guaya- 
quil, assuming  charge  September  1,  of  that  year,  his  appointment 
was  confirmed  May  14,  1890,      While   occupying    the  position,    under 


12 


instructions  from  Secretary  of  State  Blaine,  Mr.  Sorsby  attempted  to 
negotiate  a  commercial  treaty  with  the  Government  of  Ecuador.  He 
arranged  the  adhesion  of  Ecuador  to  the  Pan-American  Union  and  for 
the  payment  of  Ecuador's  share  of  the  International  Railroad.  He 
was  superceded  May  26,  1893.  Afterward,  he  was  American  Consul 
at  San  Juan  del  Norte,  Nicaragua,  and  at  Kingston,  Jamaica,  and  in 
1902  was  the  American  Minister  to  Bolivia. 

During  his  term  of  office,  Mr.  Isaac  A.  Reinberg  appears  to  have 
performed  the  duties  of  Vice  Consul  on  a  number  of  occasions. 

GEORGE  DILLARD 
This  officer  appointed  March  30,  1893,  entered  upon  his  duties  on 
May  27,  1893.  During  his  incumbency  most  of  the  archives  end  fur- 
niture of  the  Consulate-General  were  destroyed  by  the  fire  of  October 
5th  and  6th,  1896,  which  laid  bare  more  than  a  half  of  the  city  of 
Guayaquil. 

One  of  Mr.  Dillard's  friends  inscribed  the  following  lines  on  the 
Miscellaneous  Record  Book  in  this  office  : 

"Oh  land  of  Mississippi's  waters, 
Of  stalwart  sons  and  ^ntle  daughters 
'Tis  thou  who  sends  this  soldier  stronjr 
To  shield  the  traveler,  right  his  wrong; 
To  plant  our  flag  of  stripe  and  stiir 
Where  oranges,  yam  and  plantain  are." 

He  sailed  from  Guayaquil  August  28,  1897,  leaving  the  affairs 
of  the  office  with  Vice  Consul-General  Reinberg. 

PERRY  M.  DeLEON 
wns  born  in  South  Carolina,  December  20,  1840,  and  received  a  col- 
legeate  education.  He  was  appointed  Consul-General  from  Georgia 
July  15,  assumed  charge  September  15,  1897.  During  his  absence  in 
the  United  States,  Mr.  John  A.  Wheeler,  an  English  merchant,  was 
in  charge  of  the  office  from  August  13  to  December  29,  1900,  as  the 
Vice  Consul-General  was  in  Europe. 

After  creditably  occupying  the  position  of  American  Vice  Consul- 
General  extending  over  a  period  of  many  years,  on  January  15,  1902, 
Mr.  Reinberg  resigned  to  devote  his  entire  time  to  the  business  in- 
terests of  which  he  was  the  manager, 

Mr.   Robert  R.   Hancock  was  appointed  to  fill    the    vacancy    Feb- 

13 


ruary  15,  1902,  and  was  in  charge  for  a  few  days;  although  his 
commisr^ion  was  received  on  April  1  of  that  year,  his  exequatur  was 
refused,  not  for  any  personal  reason,  but  owing  to  his  being  an  em- 
ployee of  a  company  not  enjoying  pleasant  relations  with  the  Ecuador- 
ian Government. 

Mr.  DeLeon  returned  to  the  United  States  April  16,  1902,  and 
was  residing  in  the  city  of  Washington  in  September,  1914. 

ROBERT  B.  JONES 
Mr.  Jones  has  resided  in  Guayaquil  for  many  years;  as  a  mer- 
chant he  has  been  instrumental  in  introducing  many  lines  of  American 
manufactures  into  Ecuador,  and  was  active  in  all  matters  relating  to 
American  interests  He  was  appointed  Consul-General  at  Guayaquil 
by  Minister  Sampson,  April  19,  1902,  and  entered  upon  his  duties  on 
the  23rd.  As  the  appointment  was  irregular,  the  Secretary  of  State 
named  him  Vice  Consul-General  on  June  2nd  following  He  was  born 
in  Canada,  and  is  a  naturalized  An  erican  citizen;  he  remained  in 
charge  until  the  arrival  of 

THOMAS  NAST, 
whose  term  of  office  was  soon  terminated  by  his  death  from  yellow 
fever.  Among  the  many  able  consular  officers  who  have  been  stationed 
at  this  post,  none  have  occupied  so  prominent  a  place  in  national 
affairs  as  had  Mr.  Thomas  Nast.  Born  at  Landau,  Bavaria,  in  1840, 
he  was  brought  by  his  parents  to  the  United  States  six  years  later. 
At  the  early  age  of  14,  after  a  training  limited  to  six  months,  he  was 
employed  on  FRANK  LESLIE'S  WEEKLY  and  other  periodicals  to 
supply  drawings  for  illustrating  current  events.  Later,  he  was  Aid 
on  General  Garibaldi's  staff  during  his  Italian  campaigns,  at  the 
same  time  preparing  war  pictures  for  the  illustrated  press  of  New 
York,  London  and  Paris, 

Returning  to  the  United  States,  Mr  Nast  became  permanently 
connected  with  HARPER'S  WEEKLY,  doing  yeoman  service  in  its 
pages  with  caricatures  for  the  Union  during  the  Civil  War,  and  later 
wielded  a  great  influence  in  the  Cleveland-Blaine  campaign  and  the 
Tweed  exposures.  In  1892  he  established  "NAST'S  WEEKLY, " 
in  New  York  City,  which  continued  through  the  campaign.  Among 
his  most  valued  treasures  were  a  silver  vase  presented  to  him  by  the 
Union  League  Club  of  New  York,  and  one  from  3500  officers  and  sub- 
ordiates  of  the  United  States  Army  and  Navy,  recognition  of  his    ser- 


14 


vices  to  the  Federal  cause.      He  enlisted  ii\  the  7th    regiment     during 
the  Orange  riots  of  1871. 

Mr.  Theodore  Roosevelt  has  stated  that  he  owed  tiis  political 
education  to  the  pictorial  efforts  of  Mr.  Nast;  and,  after  reaching  the 
President's  chair,  he  desired  to  show  his  appreciation  which  culminated 
in  the  appointment  of  Mr.  Nast  as  Consul-General  at  Guayaquil 
May  15,  1902.  He  sailed  from  New  York  July  1st,  arriving  at  his 
post  on  the  3  8th,  assuming  charge  the  next  day.  After  performing 
the  duties  in  an  acceptable  manner  for  nearly  six  months,  during 
which  time  he  exercised  his  wonderful  skill  with  the  pencil  in  answer- 
ing letters  and  invitations  with  caricatures  greatly  prized  by  the  re- 
cipients, he  was  stricken  with  that  curse  of  humanity — yellow  fever; 
and,  after  a  week's  illness,  he  died  December  7.  1902.  He  was 
buried  in  the  local  Protestant  Cemetery,  his  remains  at  a  later  date 
being  transferred  to  the  United  States,  Thus  sadly  ended  the  career 
of  a  wonderful  man. 

The  duties  of  the  post  were  immediately  assumed  by  Vice  Consul- 
General  Jones. 

GEORGE  SAWTER 

This  officer  had  had  some  experience  in  the  American  Consular 
Service,  having  been  Commercial  Agent  in  1893  and  Consul  in  1896 
at  Glauchau.  Germany,  and  was  Consal  at  Antigua,  W.  I.,  in  1901. 
He  was  appointed  Consul-General  at  Guayaquil  December  15,  1902, 
from  New  York,  arriving  at  his  post  February  26,  1903.  After 
qualifying  and  remaining  in  charge  for  one  day,  he  returned  to  the  Unit- 
ed States,  having  resigned  the  position  as  from  April  15,  1903.  A 
local  wag  composed  the  following  poem  based  on  the  circumstances 
related  : 

Said  Mr.  S.  to  Mrs.  S., 
"My  dear  I  think  that  we 
Can  never  live  as  we  should  live, 
In  this  'ere  town  of  G." 

Said  Mr.  S.  to  Mrs.  S., 
"I  think  we'd  better  flee, 
If  our  lives  we  w'ould  preserve, 
From  this  'ere  tow-n  of  G." 

The  fever  it  is  getting  worse, 
So  tells  me  Mr.  J., 
Then  let  us  pack  up  all  our  traps, 
And  g:ently  skip  away." 

15 


"The  ^teanier  still  is  in  the  port, 

And  no  one  knows  us  here ; 

We  are  the  men  behind  the  guns, 

80  come  along  my  dear." 

The  captain's  launch  it  took  them  off 

From  this  sad  town  of  G ; 

But  Brother  J.  remains  behind, 

And  draws  the  saler-ee. 

Mr.  Jones  was  again  on  duty  until  the  arrival  of 
WILLIAM  SHAW  BOWEN 
of  Rhode  Island  was  appointed  consul  general  to  Guayaquil  March  17, 
1903,  but  declined  six  days    later.      Vice  Consul -General    Jones    was 
again  in  charge  until  the  arrival  of 

HERMAN  R.  DIETRICH, 
of  Utica,  Missouri,  who  had  been  appointed  Consul-General  April  2, 
1903,  confirmed  November  24,  1903,  entering  upon  his  duties  on 
the  24th  of  the  following  month.  While  occuping  the  position  he 
assisted  in  the  arbitraton  between  Ecuador  and  the  Guayaquil  &  Quito 
Railway  Company,  and  was  temporarily  in  charge  of  the  American 
Legation  at  Quito  in  1909. 

Associated  with  the  other  foreign  consuls  stationed  at  Guayaquil, 
he  assisted  in  arranging  the  peace  terms  between  General  Plaza  and 
the  revolutionary  chiefs  Alfaro  and  Mantaro,  early  in  1912.  During 
his  term  the  salary  of  the  office  was  increased  to  $4500  per  year. 
While  on  leave  of  absence  in  the  United  States,  from  April  16,  1912, 
he  resigned  from  the  position  December  21,  1912. 

CHARLES  F.  BAKER 
A  native  of  Oklahoma,  Mr  Baker  was  appointed  Vice  and 
Deputy  Consul-General  at  this  port  July  20,  1912,  having  been  tran- 
f erred  from  the  Valparaiso  Consulate.  Mr.  Jones  was  in  charge. 
Mr.  Baker  being  placed  in  full  control  by  the  Department  of  State 
from  October  18,  1912,  and  continued  therein  until  the  arrival  of 

FREDERIC  W.  CODING, 
on    October    30th  of  the  same  year,    who  assumed  charge  of  the  office 
November  7,  1913. 

In  the  Department  of  State  Register  appears  the  following: 
"Born  in  Hyde  Park,  Mass.,  May  9,  1858;  home,    Chicago,  III; 

16 


educated  in  the  public  schools  and  colleges  of  Illinois  and  Tennessee; 
taught  in  the  public  schools  of  Illinois  and  Tennessee;  was  justice  of 
the  peace,  president  of  the  board  of  aldermen,  practised  medicine  at 
Rutland,  III.,  and  was  city  health  officer;  editor  and  proprietor  of 
ANCONA  ADVOCATE  and  LOUDON  COUNTY'  RECORD;  ap- 
pointed, after  examination  (February  3,  1898),  Consul  at  New 
Castle,  New  South  Wales,  February  11,  1898;  Consul  at  Montevideo 
August  15,  1907;  Consul-General  at  Guayaquil,  September  18,  1913; 
Consul -General  of  class  Ave  by  act  approved  February  5,  1915,"  and 
of  class  four  September  5,  1919  While  stationed  at  Montevideo  he 
was  in  charge  of  the  Legation  for  three  months.  During  Dr. 
Coding's  absence  on  leave  in  the  United  States  from  August  16,  to 
November  25,  1914,  Vice  Consul-General  Baker  was  again  the  reliev- 
ing officer  who  was  among  those  retired  in  December,  1915;  the  posi- 
tion was  filled  by  the  appointment  of  Mr.  James  F.  H.  Roth,  of  Cali- 
fornia, on  January  8,  1916,  as  Vice  Consul. 

On  the  resignation  of  Vice  Consul  Roth  and  while  Mrs.  Jessie 
Ayre  Goding  was  ill  with  yellow  fever,  Mr.  Charles  W.  Copeland  was 
appointed  Vice  Consul  June  7,  1918,  and  Mr.  Lynn  W.  Franklin  was 
detailed  by  the  Department  in  a  similar  capacity,  remaning  about 
three  months.  Mrs.  Goding  died  on  June  9,  1918.  Mr.  Copeland 
resigned  October  15,  1919  being  followed  by  Mr.  William  W.  Morse 
who  was  appointed  July  15,  1919,  after  having  had  five  years  experi- 
ence as  clerk.  During  the  absence  of  the  principal  officer  in  the 
United  States  he  was  in  charge  of  the  Consulate-General  from  April  21 
to  August  1920.  As  our  commercial  interests  at  Quito  required  at- 
tention, and  the  Department  having  appointed  Mr.  Frederic  F. 
Schrader,  Jr.,  extra  Vice  Consul  at  this  office,  he  was  detailed  to  that 
city  for  two  months.  Mr  Schrader  had  served  in  the  United  States 
Navy  during  the  war  and  at  the  Consulate-General,  Buenos  Aires  as 
clerk.      Later  ha  was  transferred  to  Barranquilla,  Colombia. 

Mr.  F.  Virgilio  Vallejo  has  been  for  seven  years  the  faithful 
office  messenger. 


17 


SURGEONS  OF    THE  UNITED  STATES  PUBLIC  HEALTH 
SERVICE  DETAILED  AT  THIS  CONSULATE-GENERAL 


Owing  to  the  long  delays  to  which  passenger  steamers  were  sub- 
jected on  arrival  to  Panama,  due  to  the  unsanitary  condition  of  the 
latter  port,  the  United  States  authorities  decided  to  detail  a  specially 
trained  medical  officer  there  to  establish  a  quarantine  station  for  the 
convenience  of  such  passengers  and  steamers  Consequently,  on  Feb- 
ruary 9,  1904,  the  President  of  the  United  States  appointed  Dr. 
Fleetwood  Gruver  medical  attache  to  the  Consulate-General  at  Guaya- 
quil, where  he  arrived  on  the  25th  of  the  same  month  and  organized 
the  service. 

Dr.  Gruver  was  followed  by  Dr.  Bolivar  J.  Lloyd  who  arrived 
here  January  14,  1906,  the  interim  being  filled  by  Dr.  Luis  Cornejo 
Gomez  of  the  local  health  board.  During  Dr.  Lloyd's  incumbency 
the  President  of  Ecuador,  in  1908,  created  a  sanitary  commission 
composed  of  Dr.  Lloyd,  Dr.  Cornejo,  Dr  Franicaco  Martinez  S. ,  and 
Sr.  Emilio  Estrada  the  Governor  of  Guayas,  allotting  to  the  commis- 
sion 20,000  sucres  monthly  for  two  years  to  be  used  in  a  campaign 
for  the  extermination  of  bubonic  plague,  yellow  fever,  small  pox  and 
all  other  contagious  diseases. 

About  the  middle  of  the  same  year  Dr  William  M  VVight.Tian 
arrived  as  sanitary  surgeon;  but  unfortunately  he  contracted  yellow 
fever  from  which  he  died  May  16,  1909,  his  position  being  tempor- 
arily filled  by  Dr.  F.  Andrade  and  Dr.  Carlos  A.  Mino.  Dr  Lloyd 
remained  until  1909,  shortly  prior  to  his  departure  being  married 
January  26,  1910,  toMissJosefa  Gomez  S  ,  one  of  Guayaquil's  charm- 
ing daughters. 

Dr.  Herman  B.  Parker  relieved  his  predecessor  on  December 
21,  1909,  remaining  until  1913  when  he  returned  to  the  United 
States  leaving  Dr.  Mino  in  charge;  that  gentleman  having  been  de- 
tailed to  Quito  by  the  Director  of  Sanitation,  resigned  to  be  suc- 
ceeded by  Dr.  Cornejo  until  relieved  by  Dr.  Hugo  A,  Greenwood  who 
was  appointed  on  January  7,  1914  The  latter  was  followed  by  Dr. 
Parker  who  had  been  re-appointed  March  14,  1914,  and  arrived  here 
some  months  later.  He  resigned  March  3,  1918,  after  a  service  of 
twenty  years,  but  continued  to  act  until  his  successor  was  named. 

18 


The  present  incumb'ent,  Dr  Carlos  V.  Coello,  formerly  interne  in 
the  Marine  Hospital  at  New  Orleans,  was  appointed  May  11,  1918, 
assuming  charge  of  the  position  June  1,  of  the  same  year. 

This  brief  summary  of  the  eminent  surgeons  who  have  been  ap- 
pointed by  the  American  Government  to  fill  this  important  position,  will 
serve  as  a  record  for  future  historians  who  may  desire  to  use  the  facts 
relative  thereto. 


19 


AGENCIES  UNDER  THIS  CONSULATE-GENERAL 


ESMERALDAS 
The  first  we  learn  of  consular  agencies  in  Ecuador  appears  in  a 
recommendation  made  by  Consul  Weile  July  1,  1871,  in  a  communica- 
tion to  the  Department  of  State  recommending  that  an  American  con- 
sular agency  be  established  at  Esmeraldas,  and  nominating  Dr.  W.  C. 
Downs  as  Agent.  This  was  approved  by  the  Department  of  State 
September  23,  of  that  year,  Consular  Agent  Down's  certificate  of  ap- 
pointment being  dated  that  day.  From  the  records  it  is  learned  that 
a  vacancy  occurred  September  24,  1873  and  no  other  appointment 
appears  to  have  been  made  at  the  time  to  fill  it. 

On  October  22,  1883,  Consul-General  Beach  reported  the  necessity 
for  an  agency  at  Esmeraldas,  which  was  followed  by  the  appointment 
of  Mr.  Pedro  R.  Prias,  a  Colombian,  December  28,  1889.  Daring  his 
absence,  Mr.    R.  Iriarth  was  acting  agent  in  1892. 

He  was  followed  by  Fernand  Servat,  born  and  educated  in  France, 
arriving  in  the  United  States  in  1883,  naturalized  as  an  American  citi- 
zen in  1891  and  appointed  January  1,  1893.  During  that  year,  while 
on  leave  of  absence,  Adolph  Scheenemann  was  acting  agent. 

His  successor  was  Rene  Dumarest,  also  a  French  naturalized 
American  citizen,  who  remained  in  the  position  from  March  27, 
1905  to  August  20,  1907. 

Frederick  Ashton,  an  Englishman  who  was  British  Vice  Consul 
and  manager  of  the  cable  company,  filled  the  place  from  August  21, 
1907,  to  June  30,  1908. 

George  Drum  Hedian  was  the  first  native-born  American  to  occu- 
py the  position.  He  was  appointed  February  19,  1908  but  owing  to 
delay  in  the  receipt  of  his  exequatur  he  did  not  take  charge  of  the 
ofllice  until  July  1  of  that  year,  in  which  he  has  remained  to  the  pres- 
ent time.  Mr.  Hediau  was  born  at  Wilkes-Barre,  Penn. ,  in  1856; 
he  graduated  B.  E. ,  in  1874  from  the  State  Normal  School  five  years 
later  receiving  the  degree  of  M.  E.  D.  He  also  received  the  degrees 
of  L.  L.  B.,  and  L.  L.  M.,  from  Columbia  University  in  1883  and 
1884  respectively,  practicing  law  and  performing  court  stenographic 
work  until  1890,  During  the  following  years  he  was  private  secre- 


20 


tary  to  Bancroft,  the  historian,  and  secretary  of  the  New  York  Mining 
Exchange  until  his  departure  for  Ecuador  in  1899  to  represent  Ameri- 
can mining  interests  which  have  occupied  his  attention  since  then.  In 
1919,  while  absent  in  the  United  States  he  was  relieved  by  Lorenzo 
Delbechio.  Several  others  have  acted  temporarily  at  this  post  who 
had  no  commissons. 

BAHIA  DE  CARAQUEZ 
This  Agency  was  established  early  in  the  year  1883  when  E.  T. 
Goddard,  an  Englishman,  was  appointed  Agent  and  remained  in  charge 
for  more  than  ten  years.  During  his  term  of  office  a  number  of  im- 
portant questions  were  settled,  chief  of  which  was  the  Santos  case, 
that  gentleman  receiving  $50,000  from  the  Ecuadorian  Government 
for  alleged  false  imprisonment.  During  an  extended  leave  of  absence, 
Messrs.  Filiberto  T.  Vasquez,  Zephyr  Constantine,  Fernaud  Servat, 
Cayetano  Zedeno,  Jose  P.  Polit  and  G.  Villacis  were  acting  Agents. 

Zephyr  Constantine,  a  Greek  naturalized  American  citizen,  was 
appointed  Agent  July  2,  1894,  serving  four  and  a  half  years. 

Jose  M.  Patau's  appointment  was  dated  January  10,  1899,  and 
he  remained  in  the  position  less  than  a  year. 

Carlos  A.  Naht  was  appointed  November  20,  1899,  and  served 
until  relieved  by  his  successor,  a  few  months  afterward. 

Alberto  Santos,  the  present  incumbent,  was  appointed  September 
10,  1900.  He  was  born  at  Bahia  de  Caraquez  in  1871,  and  was 
educated  at  St.  James  College,  Baltimore,  Md. ,  remaining  in  the 
United  States  for  a  number  of  years,  and  returned  to  his  native  city  as 
an  associate  of  his  brother  in  commercial,  agricultural  and  live  stock 
business.  On  the  death  of  his  brother,  the  business  was  organized 
into  a  company  of  which  he  became  the  manager,  the  interests  of 
which  he  developed  until  it  has  become  one  of  the  most  extensive 
and  important  American  properties    in   Equador.  While    absent    in 

the  United  States,  in  1919,  Eliaa  Belasco  was  in  charge.  In  1919  he 
was  chosen  president  of  the  Bank  of  Manabi.  He  is  also  Consul  for 
Panama  at  the  same  place. 

MANTA 
On  the  recommendation  of  Consul-General  Beach,    on  October  15, 
1883,     Mr.  Carl  W.  E.  Burghard,    a  German,    was  appointed  the  first 
American  consular  agent  at  Manta,    receiving  his  commission  and  exe- 

21 


quatur  December  28,  the  same  year.  On  his  resignation  dated  Au- 
gust 28,  1884,  Mr.  Pedro  G.  Cordova  was  appointed,  his  exequatur 
being  dated  December  29,  Mr.  L.  E.  Sanchez  acting  during  the  inter- 
val. As  Mr  Cordova  resigned  September  10,  1885  Pedro  A.  Moreira. 
an  Equadorian,  was  appointed  the  next  day  by  Consul-General  Beach 
which  was  confirmed  by  the  department.  During  his  term,  J.  C. 
Rodriquez  was  acting  agent.  Mr  Moreira  resigned  to  become  Govern- 
or of  the  province  Paul  Gonzenbach,  a  German  naturalized  citi- 
zen, was  appointed  March  5,  1902  and  served  more    than    five    years. 

Max  Voelcker,  a  German,  was  the  last  to  occupy  the  position; 
his  commission  being  dated  September  19,  1907;  the  post  was  per- 
manently closed  March  2,  1912.  During  his  absence  in  Europe,  G. 
Lewis  was  in  charge  from  June  17,  1911,  to  January  20,  1912. 

SALANGO 
On  the  representation  of  the  Salango  Export  Company,  an  Amer- 
ican concern,  an  American  Consular  Agency  was  established  at  the 
estate  called  Salanga,  in  the  province  of  Manabi  and  John  A.  Hanley, 
Jr.,  appointed  Agent.  The  archives  of  the  Agency  were  delivered  to 
James  J.  Faith  October  16th  following,  who  however,  was  not  ap- 
pointed to  fill  the  vacancy  and  the  Agency  was  permanently  closed. 


22 


INSPECTORS  OF  CONSULATES 


On  the  passage  of  the  law  of  1905  reorganizing  the  American 
consular  service,  the  creation  of  five  inspectors  of  consulates  was  au- 
thorized, with  the  rank  of  Consuls  General  at  large. 

RICHARD   M.    BARTLEMAN 

The  first  inspector  appointed  for  South  and  Central  America  and 
the  Antillas  was  Mr.  Richard  M.  Bartleman,  a  native  of  the  State  of 
Massachusetts. 

Prior  to  his  appointment  he  had  filled  thp  positions  of  Secretary 
of  Legation  in  Caracas,  and  consul  successively  at  Antigua.  Malaga, 
Genoa,  Valencia,  and  Cadiz,  which  positions  he  filled  with  distinction. 
He  was  appointed  Inspector  of  Consulates  on  May  14,  1906,  which 
post  he  held  until  the  following  year,  resigning  to  accept  the  place  of 
Consul  at  Madrid,  where  he  removed  after  his  new  appointment. 

From  there  he  went  to  Buneos  Aires  as  Consul  General ;  and  from 
that  place  to  the  city  of  Cienfuegos  as  Consul,  retiring  from  the    con- 
sular service  in  1917,  after  having  been  promoted  to  Class  IV. 
ALBERT  R.    MORAWETZ 

The  vacancy  created  by  Mr.  Bartleman's  acceptance  of  the  con- 
sulate at  Madrid  was  filled  by  the  appointment  of  Mr.  Albert  R. 
Morawetz,  of  Maryland,  on  August  14,  1907.  After  two  years  and  a 
half  this  gentleman  was  transferred  to  the  Consulate  at  Leipzig  where 
he  remained  until  1912,  when  he  finally  retired  from  the  service. 
Before  accepting  the  position  of  Inspector  he  was  Vice  Consul  at  No* 
gales  (Mexico)  and  Consul  at  Bahia    (Brazil). 

CHARLES  C.    EBERHARDT 

The  third  inspector  of  this  district  was  Mr.  Charles  C.  Eberhardt 
a  native  of  Kansas,  U.  S.  A.,  appointed  on  January  12,  1910,  which 
position  he  filled  for  nine  years  to  the  satisfaction  of  his  government. 

Mr.  Eberhardt,  in  addition  to  rectitude  in  th«  discharge  of  his 
duties,  possesses  a  charming  personality  which  won  the  good  will  of 
his  subordinates  He  enjoyed  the  esteem  and  affection  of  all  the 
members  of  the  consular  service  in  his  district. 

Before  being  inspector,  he  was  employed  in  the  American  Embas- 
sy in  the  City  of  Mexico,  and  was  afterwards  Consul  at  Iquitos  (Peru) 
and  at  Barranquilla  (Colombia).  At  the  present  time  he  is  inspector 
in  the  far  East,  which  appointment  was  made  m  1919. 

23 


Gaylamount 

Pamphlet 

Binder 

Gaylord  Bros.,  Inc. 

Stockton,  Calif. 
T.M.Reg.  U.S.  Pat.  Off. 


Yf  nA/1% 


X 


14  DAY  USE 

RETURN  TO  DESK  FROM  WHICH  BORROWED 
LOAN  DEPT. 

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